Puberty is the biological and developmental stage during which a child’s body matures into an adult body capable of reproduction. This phase typically begins between the ages of 8 and 14 for girls and 9 and 16 for boys, though the timing can vary. Triggered by hormonal changes, puberty involves the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to increased production of sex hormones like estrogen in females and testosterone in males. Puberty is the stage when the body matures, triggering physical changes like breast development, pubic and facial hair growth, voice deepening and a growth spurt. It also involves emotional and psychological changes, marking the transition to reproductive maturity and adulthood.